Fixes#31690
No functional changes: extra logging and refactoring
# Checklist for submitter
- [x] Changes file added for user-visible changes in `changes/`,
`orbit/changes/` or `ee/fleetd-chrome/changes`.
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## Summary by CodeRabbit
* **New Features**
* Enhanced error messages for Windows MDM discovery, providing more
detailed information about unsupported request versions.
* **Bug Fixes**
* Improved logging for errors encountered during the Windows MDM
discovery process, aiding in issue diagnosis.
* **Refactor**
* Streamlined the Windows MDM discovery endpoint to centralize
validation and response logic for better maintainability.
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