diff --git a/server/mdm/android/datastore.go b/server/mdm/android/datastore.go
index d693e646dc..51b0bb4309 100644
--- a/server/mdm/android/datastore.go
+++ b/server/mdm/android/datastore.go
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 type Datastore interface {
 	CreateEnterprise(ctx context.Context, userID uint) (uint, error)
 	GetEnterpriseByID(ctx context.Context, ID uint) (*EnterpriseDetails, error)
+	GetEnterpriseBySignupToken(ctx context.Context, signupToken string) (*EnterpriseDetails, error)
 	GetEnterprise(ctx context.Context) (*Enterprise, error)
 	UpdateEnterprise(ctx context.Context, enterprise *EnterpriseDetails) error
 	DeleteAllEnterprises(ctx context.Context) error
diff --git a/server/mdm/android/mock/datastore.go b/server/mdm/android/mock/datastore.go
index 15dac12194..1b34d36e24 100644
--- a/server/mdm/android/mock/datastore.go
+++ b/server/mdm/android/mock/datastore.go
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ type CreateEnterpriseFunc func(ctx context.Context, userID uint) (uint, error)
 
 type GetEnterpriseByIDFunc func(ctx context.Context, ID uint) (*android.EnterpriseDetails, error)
 
+type GetEnterpriseBySignupTokenFunc func(ctx context.Context, signupToken string) (*android.EnterpriseDetails, error)
+
 type GetEnterpriseFunc func(ctx context.Context) (*android.Enterprise, error)
 
 type UpdateEnterpriseFunc func(ctx context.Context, enterprise *android.EnterpriseDetails) error
@@ -35,6 +37,9 @@ type Datastore struct {
 	GetEnterpriseByIDFunc        GetEnterpriseByIDFunc
 	GetEnterpriseByIDFuncInvoked bool
 
+	GetEnterpriseBySignupTokenFunc        GetEnterpriseBySignupTokenFunc
+	GetEnterpriseBySignupTokenFuncInvoked bool
+
 	GetEnterpriseFunc        GetEnterpriseFunc
 	GetEnterpriseFuncInvoked bool
 
@@ -70,6 +75,13 @@ func (ds *Datastore) GetEnterpriseByID(ctx context.Context, ID uint) (*android.E
 	return ds.GetEnterpriseByIDFunc(ctx, ID)
 }
 
+func (ds *Datastore) GetEnterpriseBySignupToken(ctx context.Context, signupToken string) (*android.EnterpriseDetails, error) {
+	ds.mu.Lock()
+	ds.GetEnterpriseBySignupTokenFuncInvoked = true
+	ds.mu.Unlock()
+	return ds.GetEnterpriseBySignupTokenFunc(ctx, signupToken)
+}
+
 func (ds *Datastore) GetEnterprise(ctx context.Context) (*android.Enterprise, error) {
 	ds.mu.Lock()
 	ds.GetEnterpriseFuncInvoked = true
diff --git a/server/mdm/android/mock/datastore_setup.go b/server/mdm/android/mock/datastore_setup.go
index 9a27584eb5..702bdf73d0 100644
--- a/server/mdm/android/mock/datastore_setup.go
+++ b/server/mdm/android/mock/datastore_setup.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package mock
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 
 	"github.com/fleetdm/fleet/v4/server/mdm/android"
 )
@@ -19,6 +20,12 @@ func (s *Datastore) InitCommonMocks() {
 	s.GetEnterpriseByIDFunc = func(ctx context.Context, ID uint) (*android.EnterpriseDetails, error) {
 		return &android.EnterpriseDetails{}, nil
 	}
+	s.GetEnterpriseBySignupTokenFunc = func(ctx context.Context, signupToken string) (*android.EnterpriseDetails, error) {
+		if signupToken == "signup_token" {
+			return &android.EnterpriseDetails{}, nil
+		}
+		return nil, &notFoundError{errors.New("not found")}
+	}
 	s.DeleteAllEnterprisesFunc = func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -26,3 +33,11 @@ func (s *Datastore) InitCommonMocks() {
 		return nil
 	}
 }
+
+type notFoundError struct {
+	error
+}
+
+func (e *notFoundError) IsNotFound() bool {
+	return true
+}
diff --git a/server/mdm/android/mysql/enterprises.go b/server/mdm/android/mysql/enterprises.go
index b3bccd02ce..1b5a1951a7 100644
--- a/server/mdm/android/mysql/enterprises.go
+++ b/server/mdm/android/mysql/enterprises.go
@@ -35,6 +35,19 @@ func (ds *Datastore) GetEnterpriseByID(ctx context.Context, id uint) (*android.E
 	return &enterprise, nil
 }
 
+func (ds *Datastore) GetEnterpriseBySignupToken(ctx context.Context, signupToken string) (*android.EnterpriseDetails, error) {
+	stmt := `SELECT id, signup_name, enterprise_id, pubsub_topic_id, signup_token, user_id FROM android_enterprises WHERE signup_token = ?`
+	var enterprise android.EnterpriseDetails
+	err := sqlx.GetContext(ctx, ds.reader(ctx), &enterprise, stmt, signupToken)
+	switch {
+	case errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows):
+		return nil, common_mysql.NotFound("Android enterprise")
+	case err != nil:
+		return nil, ctxerr.Wrap(ctx, err, "getting enterprise by signup token")
+	}
+	return &enterprise, nil
+}
+
 func (ds *Datastore) GetEnterprise(ctx context.Context) (*android.Enterprise, error) {
 	stmt := `SELECT id, enterprise_id FROM android_enterprises WHERE enterprise_id != '' LIMIT 1`
 	var enterprise android.Enterprise
diff --git a/server/mdm/android/mysql/enterprises_test.go b/server/mdm/android/mysql/enterprises_test.go
index 8baf5701b1..76f5b6ebed 100644
--- a/server/mdm/android/mysql/enterprises_test.go
+++ b/server/mdm/android/mysql/enterprises_test.go
@@ -73,6 +73,10 @@ func testUpdateEnterprise(t *testing.T, ds *Datastore) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, enterprise, resultEnriched)
 
+	resultEnrichedByToken, err := ds.GetEnterpriseBySignupToken(testCtx(), enterprise.SignupToken)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, enterprise, resultEnrichedByToken)
+
 	result, err := ds.GetEnterprise(testCtx())
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, enterprise.Enterprise, *result)
diff --git a/server/mdm/android/service.go b/server/mdm/android/service.go
index 72a2657e14..026b583be4 100644
--- a/server/mdm/android/service.go
+++ b/server/mdm/android/service.go
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 
 type Service interface {
 	EnterpriseSignup(ctx context.Context) (*SignupDetails, error)
-	EnterpriseSignupCallback(ctx context.Context, enterpriseID uint, enterpriseToken string) error
+	EnterpriseSignupCallback(ctx context.Context, signupToken string, enterpriseToken string) error
 	GetEnterprise(ctx context.Context) (*Enterprise, error)
 	DeleteEnterprise(ctx context.Context) error
 	EnterpriseSignupSSE(ctx context.Context) (chan string, error)
diff --git a/server/mdm/android/service/enterprises_test.go b/server/mdm/android/service/enterprises_test.go
index 34968cd8e9..146a84ff6c 100644
--- a/server/mdm/android/service/enterprises_test.go
+++ b/server/mdm/android/service/enterprises_test.go
@@ -110,8 +110,10 @@ func TestEnterprisesAuth(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	t.Run("unauthorized", func(t *testing.T) {
-		err := svc.EnterpriseSignupCallback(context.Background(), 1, "token")
+		err := svc.EnterpriseSignupCallback(context.Background(), "signup_token", "token")
 		checkAuthErr(t, false, err)
+		err = svc.EnterpriseSignupCallback(context.Background(), "bad_token", "token")
+		checkAuthErr(t, true, err)
 	})
 }
 
diff --git a/server/mdm/android/service/handler.go b/server/mdm/android/service/handler.go
index 9ede251100..17ffefd313 100644
--- a/server/mdm/android/service/handler.go
+++ b/server/mdm/android/service/handler.go
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ func attachFleetAPIRoutes(r *mux.Router, fleetSvc fleet.Service, svc android.Ser
 	// These endpoints should do custom one-time authentication by verifying that a valid secret token is provided with the request.
 	ne := newNoAuthEndpointer(fleetSvc, svc, opts, r, apiVersions()...)
 
-	ne.GET("/api/_version_/fleet/android_enterprise/{id:[0-9]+}/connect", enterpriseSignupCallbackEndpoint, enterpriseSignupCallbackRequest{})
+	ne.GET("/api/_version_/fleet/android_enterprise/connect/{token}", enterpriseSignupCallbackEndpoint, enterpriseSignupCallbackRequest{})
 	ne.GET("/api/_version_/fleet/android_enterprise/enrollment_token", enrollmentTokenEndpoint, enrollmentTokenRequest{})
 	ne.POST(pubSubPushPath, pubSubPushEndpoint, pubSubPushRequest{})
 
diff --git a/server/mdm/android/service/service.go b/server/mdm/android/service/service.go
index 9779163434..eeb9bdfd0a 100644
--- a/server/mdm/android/service/service.go
+++ b/server/mdm/android/service/service.go
@@ -101,7 +101,13 @@ func (svc *Service) EnterpriseSignup(ctx context.Context) (*android.SignupDetail
 		return nil, ctxerr.Wrap(ctx, err, "creating enterprise")
 	}
 
-	callbackURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s/api/v1/fleet/android_enterprise/%d/connect", appConfig.ServerSettings.ServerURL, id)
+	// signupToken is used to authenticate the signup callback URL -- to ensure that the callback came from our Android enterprise signup flow
+	signupToken, err := server.GenerateRandomURLSafeText(32)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, ctxerr.Wrap(ctx, err, "generating Android enterprise signup token")
+	}
+
+	callbackURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s/api/v1/fleet/android_enterprise/connect/%s", appConfig.ServerSettings.ServerURL, signupToken)
 	signupDetails, err := svc.proxy.SignupURLsCreate(callbackURL)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, ctxerr.Wrap(ctx, err, "creating signup url")
@@ -111,7 +117,8 @@ func (svc *Service) EnterpriseSignup(ctx context.Context) (*android.SignupDetail
 		Enterprise: android.Enterprise{
 			ID: id,
 		},
-		SignupName: signupDetails.Name,
+		SignupName:  signupDetails.Name,
+		SignupToken: signupToken,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, ctxerr.Wrap(ctx, err, "updating enterprise")
@@ -133,20 +140,23 @@ func (svc *Service) checkIfAndroidAlreadyConfigured(ctx context.Context) (*fleet
 }
 
 type enterpriseSignupCallbackRequest struct {
-	ID              uint   `url:"id"`
+	SignupToken     string `url:"token"`
 	EnterpriseToken string `query:"enterpriseToken"`
 }
 
 func enterpriseSignupCallbackEndpoint(ctx context.Context, request interface{}, svc android.Service) fleet.Errorer {
 	req := request.(*enterpriseSignupCallbackRequest)
-	err := svc.EnterpriseSignupCallback(ctx, req.ID, req.EnterpriseToken)
+	err := svc.EnterpriseSignupCallback(ctx, req.SignupToken, req.EnterpriseToken)
 	return android.DefaultResponse{Err: err}
 }
 
-func (svc *Service) EnterpriseSignupCallback(ctx context.Context, id uint, enterpriseToken string) error {
-	// Skip authorization because the callback is called by Google.
-	// TODO(26218): Add some authorization here so random people can't bind random Android enterprises just for fun.
-	// This call will fail if Proxy (Google Project) is not configured.
+// EnterpriseSignupCallback handles the callback from Google UI during signup flow.
+// signupToken is for authentication with Fleet
+// enterpriseToken is for authentication with Google
+func (svc *Service) EnterpriseSignupCallback(ctx context.Context, signupToken string, enterpriseToken string) error {
+	// Authorization is done by GetEnterpriseBySignupToken below.
+	// We call SkipAuthorization here to avoid explicitly calling it when errors occur.
+	// Also, this method call will fail if Proxy (Google Project) is not configured.
 	svc.authz.SkipAuthorization(ctx)
 
 	appConfig, err := svc.checkIfAndroidAlreadyConfigured(ctx)
@@ -154,11 +164,10 @@ func (svc *Service) EnterpriseSignupCallback(ctx context.Context, id uint, enter
 		return err
 	}
 
-	enterprise, err := svc.ds.GetEnterpriseByID(ctx, id)
+	enterprise, err := svc.ds.GetEnterpriseBySignupToken(ctx, signupToken)
 	switch {
 	case fleet.IsNotFound(err):
-		return fleet.NewInvalidArgumentError("id",
-			fmt.Sprintf("Enterprise with ID %d not found", id)).WithStatus(http.StatusNotFound)
+		return authz.ForbiddenWithInternal("invalid signup token", nil, nil, nil)
 	case err != nil:
 		return ctxerr.Wrap(ctx, err, "getting enterprise")
 	}
@@ -232,7 +241,7 @@ func (svc *Service) EnterpriseSignupCallback(ctx context.Context, id uint, enter
 		return ctxerr.Wrapf(ctx, err, "patching %d policy", defaultAndroidPolicyID)
 	}
 
-	err = svc.ds.DeleteOtherEnterprises(ctx, id)
+	err = svc.ds.DeleteOtherEnterprises(ctx, enterprise.ID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return ctxerr.Wrap(ctx, err, "deleting temp enterprises")
 	}