diff --git a/docs/REST API/rest-api.md b/docs/REST API/rest-api.md
index bd576cd916..16610e4eb3 100644
--- a/docs/REST API/rest-api.md	
+++ b/docs/REST API/rest-api.md	
@@ -3931,7 +3931,7 @@ This endpoint tells Fleet to run a custom an MDM command, on the targeted macOS
 
 | Name                      | Type   | In    | Description                                                               |
 | ------------------------- | ------ | ----- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| command                   | string | json  | A base64-encoded MDM command as described in [Apple's documentation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/devicemanagement/commands_and_queries) |
+| command                   | string | json  | A base64-encoded MDM command as described in [Apple's documentation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/devicemanagement/commands_and_queries). Supported formats are standard (RFC 4648) and raw (unpadded) encoding (RFC 4648 section 3.2) |
 | device_ids                | array  | json  | An array of host UUIDs enrolled in Fleet's MDM on which the command should run.                   |
 
 Note that the `EraseDevice` and `DeviceLock` commands are _available in Fleet Premium_ only.
diff --git a/server/service/apple_mdm.go b/server/service/apple_mdm.go
index 28c38ab66b..bf583c0d93 100644
--- a/server/service/apple_mdm.go
+++ b/server/service/apple_mdm.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package service
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"encoding/base64"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
@@ -19,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/VividCortex/mysqlerr"
 	"github.com/docker/go-units"
 	"github.com/fleetdm/fleet/v4/pkg/file"
+	"github.com/fleetdm/fleet/v4/server"
 	"github.com/fleetdm/fleet/v4/server/authz"
 	"github.com/fleetdm/fleet/v4/server/contexts/ctxerr"
 	"github.com/fleetdm/fleet/v4/server/contexts/license"
@@ -974,7 +974,11 @@ func (svc *Service) EnqueueMDMAppleCommand(
 		}
 	}
 
-	rawXMLCmd, err := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(rawBase64Cmd)
+	// using a padding agnostic decoder because we released this using
+	// base64.RawStdEncoding, but it was causing problems as many standard
+	// libraries default to padded strings. We're now supporting both for
+	// backwards compatibility.
+	rawXMLCmd, err := server.Base64DecodePaddingAgnostic(rawBase64Cmd)
 	if err != nil {
 		err = fleet.NewInvalidArgumentError("command", "unable to decode base64 command").WithStatus(http.StatusBadRequest)
 
diff --git a/server/service/integration_mdm_test.go b/server/service/integration_mdm_test.go
index 0ea8fa4ff3..bd53ae2fc2 100644
--- a/server/service/integration_mdm_test.go
+++ b/server/service/integration_mdm_test.go
@@ -3628,7 +3628,9 @@ func (s *integrationMDMTestSuite) TestEnqueueMDMCommand() {
 	uuid1 := uuid.New().String()
 	s.Do("POST", "/api/latest/fleet/mdm/apple/enqueue",
 		enqueueMDMAppleCommandRequest{
-			Command:   base64Cmd(newRawCmd(uuid1)),
+			// explicitly use standard encoding to make sure it also works
+			// see #11384
+			Command:   base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(newRawCmd(uuid1))),
 			DeviceIDs: []string{"no-such-host"},
 		}, http.StatusNotFound)
 
diff --git a/server/utils.go b/server/utils.go
index 06367dea8b..ce0444386c 100644
--- a/server/utils.go
+++ b/server/utils.go
@@ -138,3 +138,10 @@ func GetTemplate(templatePath string, templateName string) (*template.Template,
 
 	return t, nil
 }
+
+// Base64DecodePaddingAgnostic decodes a base64 string that might be encoded
+// using raw encoding or standard encoding (padded)
+func Base64DecodePaddingAgnostic(s string) ([]byte, error) {
+	us := strings.TrimRight(s, string(base64.StdPadding))
+	return base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(us)
+}
diff --git a/server/utils_test.go b/server/utils_test.go
index 3240080d27..1a57e0c3e8 100644
--- a/server/utils_test.go
+++ b/server/utils_test.go
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package server
 
 import (
+	"encoding/base64"
 	"errors"
 	"net/url"
 	"testing"
@@ -101,3 +102,24 @@ func TestMaskURLError(t *testing.T) {
 		require.NotContains(t, masked.Error(), "42")
 	})
 }
+
+func TestBase64DecodePaddingAgnostic(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		in   string
+		want []byte
+		err  error
+	}{
+		{"", []byte{}, nil},
+		{"==", []byte{}, nil},
+		{"==", []byte{}, nil},
+		{"dGVzdA==", []byte("test"), nil},
+		{"dGVzdA", []byte("test"), nil},
+		{"dGVzdA==ABC", []byte("tes"), base64.CorruptInputError(6)},
+	}
+
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		got, err := Base64DecodePaddingAgnostic(c.in)
+		require.Equal(t, c.err, err)
+		require.Equal(t, got, c.want)
+	}
+}