ToolJet has the capability to establish a connection with Google Sheets for both reading and writing data. By utilizing OAuth 2.0, ToolJet can establish a secure connection with Google Sheets, ensuring that the application's access to a user's account is restricted and limited appropriately.
## Connection
To establish a connection with the Google Sheets data source, you can either click on the **+ Add new Data source** button located on the query panel or navigate to the **[Data Sources](/docs/data-sources/overview)** page through the ToolJet dashboard.
### Authorization Scopes
When connecting to a Google Sheets data source, you can choose between two permission scopes:
1.**Read Only**: This allows you to only access and retrieve, you cannot edit/write the data from the Google Sheets.
2.**Read and Write**: This scope grants you both read and write permissions, enabling you to retrieve and modify data within the Google Sheets.
### Authentication Types
ToolJet supports two authentication methods for connecting Google Sheets to your application: **OAuth 2.0** and **Service Account**. Each method provides a secure way to authorize access based on your integration requirements.
#### OAuth 2.0
Authenticates via a Google user account using OAuth consent, allowing ToolJet to access Google Sheets based on the granted permissions. You can use this when data access should be tied to individual users or requires user-level consent and visibility.
<imgclassName="screenshot-full img-full"src="/img/datasource-reference/googlesheets2.0/connection-v2.png"alt="GS2.0 oauth auth type connection"style={{marginBottom:'15px'}}/>
**Self-Hosted Configuration**
If you decide to self-host ToolJet, there are a few additional steps you need to take:
1. Proceed with the setup steps provided in the [Google OAuth guide](/docs/setup/env-vars#google-oauth) to configure the necessary settings.
2. Assign the corresponding values obtained from the previous step to the following environment variables:
- **GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID**
- **GOOGLE_CLIENT_SECRET**
- **REDIRECT_URI (TOOLJET_HOST)**
3. Activate the Google Sheets API within the Google Cloud Platform (GCP) console.
**Multi-Factor Authentication**
You can toggle on **Authentication required for all users** in the configuration. When enabled, users will be redirected to the OAuth consent screen the first time a query from this data source is triggered in the application. This ensures each user connects their own Google Sheets account securely.
<imgclassName="screenshot-full img-full"src="/img/datasource-reference/googlesheets2.0/multi-auth-connection.png"alt="GS2.0 service account auth type connection"style={{marginBottom:'15px'}}/>
#### Service Account
Authenticates using a Google Cloud service account, enabling server-to-server access to Google Sheets without user interaction. You can use this for backend or system-level integrations where a shared, fixed access is required without user interaction.
<imgclassName="screenshot-full img-full"src="/img/datasource-reference/googlesheets2.0/service-connection-v2.png"alt="GS2.0 service account auth type connection"style={{marginBottom:'15px'}}/>
## Selecting Spreadsheet
The Google Sheets data source in ToolJet provides a **spreadsheet selection mechanism** within the query builder to identify the Google Sheet on which the selected operation will be performed.
Each Google Sheets API request must be associated with a **Spreadsheet**, which represents a specific Google Sheet accessible to the authenticated account.
### Fetch Spreadsheets
The **Fetch Spreadsheets** option allows ToolJet to dynamically retrieve all available Google Sheets after a successful and secure authentication.
### Manual Spreadsheet Selection
ToolJet also supports **manual spreadsheet selection** for advanced use cases using the **fx** expression editor, enabling dynamic or programmatic selection of a spreadsheet at runtime.
<imgclassName="screenshot-full img-full"src="/img/datasource-reference/googlesheets2.0/fetch-button.png"alt="fetch spreadsheet button in query builder"style={{marginBottom:'15px'}}/>
## Querying Google Sheets
1. Click the **+ Add** button in the query manager located at the bottom panel of the editor.
2. Select the **Google Sheets** data source under the data source section.
3. Choose the desired operation from the dropdown.
4. Click on the **Preview** button to preview the output or Click on the **Run** button to create and trigger the query.
:::info
**Spreadsheet ID** can be obtained from the URL of the spreadsheet. For example, in the URL `https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1W2S4reCqOpPdm_mDEqmLmzj7zNaPk9vqv6_Ve7Nb9WM/edit#gid=0`, the `1W2S4re7zNaPk9vqv6_CqOpPdm_mDEqmLNb9WMmzjVe7` represents the spreadsheet ID.
:::
## Supported Operations
Using Google sheets data source you can perform several operations from your applications like:
1.**[Create a Spreadsheet](#create-a-spreadsheet)**
2.**[List All Sheets of a Spreadsheet](#list-all-sheets-of-a-spreadsheet)**
3.**[List All Spreadsheets](#list-all-spreadsheets)**
4.**[Delete Data From a Spreadsheet By Data Filter](#delete-data-from-a-spreadsheet-by-data-filter)**
5.**[Bulk Update Using Primary Key](#bulk-update-using-primary-key)**
6.**[Copy Data Between Spreadsheets](#copy-data-between-spreadsheets)**
7.**[Read Data From a Spreadsheet](#read-data-from-a-spreadsheet)**
8.**[Append Data To a Spreadsheet](#append-data-to-a-spreadsheet)**
This operation creates a new Google Sheets spreadsheet in the authenticated account.
#### Required Parameter
- Title : The name assigned to the newly created spreadsheet.
<imgclassName="screenshot-full img-full"src="/img/datasource-reference/googlesheets2.0/create-query.png"alt="create a spreadsheet"style={{marginBottom:'15px'}}/>
This operation copies selected data from one spreadsheet to another.
#### Required Parameter
- Source Spreadsheet : The ID of the spreadsheet from which data is copied.
- Destination Spreadsheet : The ID of the spreadsheet where data will be copied to.
#### Optional Parameter
- Source range : The specific range of cells to copy from the source spreadsheet.
- Destination range : The target range where the copied data will be placed.
<imgclassName="screenshot-full img-full"src="/img/datasource-reference/googlesheets2.0/copy-query.png"alt="copy data operation"style={{marginBottom:'15px'}}/>
<detailsid="tj-dropdown">
<summary>**Sample Output**</summary>
```
{
"status": "success",
"message": "Spreadsheet data copied",
"destinationSheet": "DevRel - Support - Solutions",
This operation retrieves data from a specified sheet or range within a spreadsheet in the form of a JSON object.
#### Required Parameter
- Spreadsheet : The ID of the spreadsheet to read data from.
- Sheet : The sheet (tab) within the spreadsheet to read.
#### Optional Parameter
- Range : The specific cell range to retrieve data from.
- Major Dimensions : Determines whether data is read row-wise or column-wise.
- Value Render : Specifies how cell values should be rendered (formatted or raw).
- Date Time : Controls how date and time values are returned in the response.
<imgclassName="screenshot-full img-full"src="/img/datasource-reference/googlesheets2.0/read-query.png"alt="read data operation"style={{marginBottom:'15px'}}/>
<detailsid="tj-dropdown">
<summary>**Sample Output**</summary>
```
0: {} 2 keys
Name: "Alice"
College: "SJEC"
1: {} 2 keys
Name: "Pari"
College: "CI"
2: {} 2 keys
3: {} 2 keys
4: {} 2 keys
5: {} 2 keys
```
</details>
### Append Data To A Spreadsheet
This operation adds additional rows of data to the end of a sheet without modifying existing data.
#### Required Parameter
- Spreadsheet : The ID of the spreadsheet where data will be appended.
- Sheet : The target sheet to append new rows.
- Rows : The data rows to be added to the spreadsheet.
<imgclassName="screenshot-full img-full"src="/img/datasource-reference/googlesheets2.0/append-query.png"alt="append data operation"style={{marginBottom:'15px'}}/>
